前言

我的本地机器是 mac ，使用 vagrant + virtualbox 安装了一个 centos7 的虚拟机，利用 vagrant 的共享目录来实现 centos 和本地机器的代码同步。然后在虚拟机里使用 docker 来运行多个容器跑项目

由于公司业务复杂，不同的项目需要不同版本的 php 才能运行，故记录一下这次搭建开发环境的过程

这次准备要搭建的环境

  • nginx
  • php5.3
  • php7.0
  • php7.4

准备工作

1. 安装 docker

image-20200725233553079

2. 安装 docker-compose

image-20200725233651005

开始搭建

image-20200726003159514

/var/project 就是本地机器和虚拟机的共享目录

web 是已经存在的项目目录

创建并进入 dev-compose 目录，用来存放容器相关配置

1. 编写 Dockerfile 文件

php7.4 的 dockfile 文件，命名为：Dockfile-php74

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FROM php:7.4-fpm

# 声明作者
LABEL maintainer="zhangjiawang"

# 定义环境变量，设置时区时使用
ENV TIME_ZONE Asia/Shanghai

# 替换源，否则下载安装速度慢
RUN sed -i "s/archive.ubuntu./mirrors.aliyun./g" /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN sed -i "s/deb.debian.org/mirrors.aliyun.com/g" /etc/apt/sources.list
# RUN sed -i "s/security.debian.org/mirrors.aliyun.com\/debian-security/g" /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN sed -i "s/httpredir.debian.org/mirrors.aliyun.com\/debian-security/g" /etc/apt/sources.list

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
        libfreetype6-dev \
        libjpeg62-turbo-dev \
        libpng-dev \
        libonig-dev \
        wget 

# 安装gd、pdo_mysql、sockets扩展
RUN docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-freetype --with-jpeg 
RUN docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) gd pdo pdo_mysql sockets

# 安装redis扩展
RUN pecl install redis \
    && docker-php-ext-enable redis

RUN rm -rf /tmp/php-* && apt-get clean

php7.0 的 dockfile 文件，命名为：Dockfile-php70

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FROM php:7.0-fpm

# 声明作者
LABEL maintainer="zhangjiawang"

# 定义环境变量，设置时区时使用
ENV TIME_ZONE Asia/Shanghai

RUN sed -i "s/archive.ubuntu./mirrors.aliyun./g" /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN sed -i "s/deb.debian.org/mirrors.aliyun.com/g" /etc/apt/sources.list
# RUN sed -i "s/security.debian.org/mirrors.aliyun.com\/debian-security/g" /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN sed -i "s/httpredir.debian.org/mirrors.aliyun.com\/debian-security/g" /etc/apt/sources.list

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
        libfreetype6-dev \
        libjpeg62-turbo-dev \
        libpng-dev \
        libonig-dev
RUN docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-freetype --with-jpeg 
RUN docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) gd pdo pdo_mysql sockets

RUN rm -rf /tmp/php-* && apt-get clean

2. 编写 docker-compose.yaml

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version: '3'
services: 
    nginx:
        image: nginx:1.18.0
        container_name: nginx-dev
        ports: 
            - "80:80"
        volumes: 
            - ../web/:/var/www
            - ./conf/nginx/conf.d/:/etc/nginx/conf.d/
            - ./log/nginx/:/var/log/nginx/
        depends_on: 
            - php7.4
            - php7.0
            - php5.3
    php7.4:
        build:
            context: .
            dockerfile: Dockerfile-php74
        container_name: php7.4-dev
        expose:
            - "9000"
        volumes:
            - ../web/:/var/www
            - ./conf/php7.4/php.ini:/usr/local/etc/php/php.ini
    php7.0:
        build:
            context: .
            dockerfile: Dockerfile-php70
        container_name: php7.0-dev
        expose:
            - "9000"
        volumes:
            - ../web/:/var/www
    php5.3:
        image: magentoomitsis/php5.3
        container_name: php5.3-dev
        expose:
            - "9000"
        volumes:
            - ../web/:/var/www:rw

3. docker-compose 运行服务

image-20200726004223026

运行成功！

查看一下当前运行的容器：

image-20200726004305328

测试

回到 /var/project 目录查看：

image-20200726005621451

conf.d 目录下没有配置文件？

解决办法：

  1. 手动在 conf.d 目录下创建 default.conf
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server {
    listen       80;
    listen  [::]:80;
    server_name  localhost;
    
    location / {
        root   /var/www/html;
        index index.php index.html index.htm;
    }
    
    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /var/www/html;
    }
    
    location ~ \.php$ {
       fastcgi_pass   php7.4-dev:9000;	# 可以指定不同的php容器
       fastcgi_index  index.php;
       fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /var/www/html$fastcgi_script_name;
       include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}
  1. 在 html 目录下创建 index.php
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<?php

phpinfo();
  1. 重新启动 nginx 服务
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[root@localhost dev-compose]# docker-compose restart nginx
Restarting nginx-dev ... done

docker-compose 必须在包含 docker-compose.yaml 文件的目录下运行

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php.ini 居然是个目录？

删除宿主机的 php.ini 目录，创建 php.ini 文件，然后重新启动 php7.4 服务的话，会报如下的错误：

image-20200727093304747

原因是因为一开始时候在 docker-compose.yaml 文件中指定了 php7.4 服务的数据卷容器，所以在容器中已经生产了php.ini 这个目录，此时如果将 php.ini 目录改为文件的话，会造成冲突：check if the specified host path exists and is the expected type

解决办法：

  1. 删除宿主机的 php.ini 目录，创建 php.ini 文件

image-20200727094557217

  1. 停止并删除现在的 php7.4 服务，重新 build
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[root@localhost dev-compose]# docker-compose stop php7.4
Stopping php7.4-dev ... done
[root@localhost dev-compose]# docker-compose rm php7.4
Going to remove php7.4-dev
Are you sure? [yN] y
Removing php7.4-dev ... done
[root@localhost dev-compose]# docker-compose build php7.4
Building php7.4
Step 1/11 : FROM php:7.4-fpm
 ---> 5b23307ceb6e
Step 2/11 : LABEL maintainer="zhangjiawang"
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 67e1d992e905
Step 3/11 : ENV TIME_ZONE Asia/Shanghai
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 46a4320dcaf5
Step 4/11 : RUN sed -i "s/archive.ubuntu./mirrors.aliyun./g" /etc/apt/sources.list
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 3c2b675f31f2
Step 5/11 : RUN sed -i "s/deb.debian.org/mirrors.aliyun.com/g" /etc/apt/sources.list
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 3aebfa80a509
Step 6/11 : RUN sed -i "s/httpredir.debian.org/mirrors.aliyun.com\/debian-security/g" /etc/apt/sources.list
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 889b51d01560
Step 7/11 : RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y         libfreetype6-dev         libjpeg62-turbo-dev         libpng-dev         libonig-dev         wget
 ---> Using cache
 ---> dff4fb71ceb5
Step 8/11 : RUN docker-php-ext-configure gd --with-freetype --with-jpeg
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 4e152b3a429c
Step 9/11 : RUN docker-php-ext-install -j$(nproc) gd pdo pdo_mysql sockets
 ---> Using cache
 ---> e03869357250
Step 10/11 : RUN pecl install redis     && docker-php-ext-enable redis
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 2f1b9b18cbd0
Step 11/11 : RUN rm -rf /tmp/php-* && apt-get clean
 ---> Using cache
 ---> a20fe520a3a0
Successfully built a20fe520a3a0
Successfully tagged dev-compose_php7.4:latest
[root@localhost dev-compose]# docker-compose up -d php7.4
Creating php7.4-dev ... done
[root@localhost dev-compose]# docker exec -it php7.4-dev /bin/bash
root@ea8d8eff8a49:/var/www/html# cd /usr/local/etc/php
root@ea8d8eff8a49:/usr/local/etc/php# ls -l
total 144
drwxr-xr-x  1 root root       38 Jul 25 10:18 conf.d
-rw-r--r--  1  501 dialout     0 Jul 27  2020 php.ini
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    72278 Jun 11 18:42 php.ini-development
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root    72582 Jun 11 18:42 php.ini-production
root@ea8d8eff8a49:/usr/local/etc/php#